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Disclaimer: The author is not trying to present himself as an authority on all available CM standards. This blog post is simply an attempt to help those who may be unaware that such guidance exists or of the extent of such standards.

We previously discussed a series of international standards pertaining to condition monitoring of industrial equipment with vibration analysis in, Condition Monitoring & Vibration Classification Standards Awareness: Part 4 ISO 10816-4:2018. Next in the series of international standards, developed for the purpose of having a sound foundation to establish the general condition of industrial equipment via the overall vibration and in some instances including a measure of rotational frequency vibration or frequencies specific to the equipment type (i.e. vane passing frequency vibration), is ISO 20816-5.

This standard is titled:

ISO 20816-5:2018

Mechanical vibration — Measurement and evaluation of machine vibration

Part 5: Machine sets in hydraulic power generating and pump-storage plants

The scope of this standard is quoted below from the ISO.org preview page (quotation in bold):

Scope:

This document provides guidelines for evaluating the vibration measurements made at the bearings, bearing pedestals, or bearing housings and also for evaluating relative shaft vibration measurements made on machine sets in hydraulic power generating and pump-storage plants when the machine is operating within its normal operating range. The normal operating ranges for each type of turbine covered by this document are defined in Annex A.

This document is applicable to machine sets in hydraulic power generating plants and in pump-storage plants with typical rotational speeds of 60 r/min to 1 000 r/min fitted with shell or pad (shoe) type oil-lubricated bearings.

NOTE The current database includes machine speeds ranging from 60 r/min to 750 r/min (with a very small sample of 1 000 r/min machines).

This document defines different limit values of bearing housing and shaft vibration depending on the type of turbine, the orientation of the shaft (i.e. horizontal or vertical), and for each of the bearing locations.

This document is based on statistical analysis and provides criteria for the most common types of turbines, pump-turbines, and pumps. For specific information on which types of units are covered in this document, see Annex A.

Machine sets covered by this document can have the following configurations:

1. generators driven by hydraulic turbines;
2. motor-generators driven by pump-turbines;
3. motor-generators driven by hydraulic turbines and separate pumps;
4. pumps driven by electric motors.

This document is not applicable to the following unit configurations, parameters, and operating conditions:

• hydraulic machines with water-lubricated bearings;
• hydraulic machines or machine sets having rolling element bearings (for these machines, see IEC 62006 and/or ISO 10816-3);
• pumps in thermal power plants or industrial installations (for these machines, see ISO 10816-7);
• electrical machines operating as motors except for the use of these machines in pump-storage applications;
• hydro generators operating as synchronous condensers (with the water in the turbine depressed by compressed air);
• assessment of absolute bearing housing vibration displacement;
• assessment of axial vibration;
• assessment of transient conditions;
• non-synchronous operation;
• assessment of vibration of the generator stator core or the stator frame level.

Measurements made of the bearing housing vibration and shaft vibration occurring in machine sets in hydraulic power generating and pump-storage plants can be used for the following purposes:

• Purpose A: to prevent damage arising from excessive vibration magnitudes;
• Purpose B: to monitor changes in vibrational behavior in order to allow diagnosis and/or prognosis.

The criteria are applicable for the vibration produced by the machine set itself. A special investigation is needed for vibration transmitted to the machine set from external sources, e.g. transmitted to the machine via the station foundations.

Once again, as in the previous standard, this standard is quite specific.

To read the ISO’s preview of this standard, click here.